A sidewalk is a path constructed along the road on the sides. In Britain, Australia, and South Africa, it is referred to using other names such as footpath, footway, and pavement. Concrete sidewalks are separated from the section with vehicular traffic on the road using curbs. Road verge or median strip is used in some cases too. Here, they may also demarcate the boundaries of the pavements.
In Washington and other states in the United States, the term sidewalk is preferred over the other terms. Britons prefer the term pavement more than sidewalk. Footpath is preferred in other Commonwealth countries. The definitions given to sidewalks by civil engineering and the legal system vary from one country to another.
Sidewalks have a very long history, one that started in Ancient Greece and Roman Empire There is evidence that by the fourth century, footpaths in Corinth were already paved. Romans had specialists called semitas who were skilled in the art of building footways. Efforts to set aside footpaths for use by pedestrians began as early as 1623 with the Act for Colchester even though they were often ineffective.
Authorities started making policies to help in maintenance of order in the streets of London during rebuilding after the great fire of London. Adequate paving of all streets within the city became one among the requirements of the law. At that time, the most commonly used material was pubeck stone. Protection of pedestrians from motorized traffic was achieved through the installation of bollards. In the US, laws were passed that made it mandatory for adjoining property owners to finance the construction of sidewalks. They were required to do this regardless of whether or not they consented to the construction of the sidewalk.
Pavements bring a lot of benefits to the society. These pathways separate people from motorized traffic, hence ensuring their safety on the road. Thus, they enhance transportation by enhancing safety on the road. Usually, sidewalks are constructed on either side of the road. The ease with which people can move from one place to another because of convenience offered by pavements can be witnessed in places with more pedestrian traffic than vehicular traffic.
Another benefit that accrues from footpaths is reduced carbon dioxide emission. Footpaths have a small effect on reducing the number of vehicle miles travelled as people opt to walk. Up to 8 percent reductions in the emission of carbon dioxide have been noted when people have access to safe pavements along which they can walk from one place to another.
Populations that have access to pavements also have improved general health. People in paved neighborhoods jog more often and prefer to walk to places. Such physical activity reduces the levels of obesity and heart diseases among other health issues that result from sedentary lifestyle. In addition, the level of concentration in children that walk to school is higher than those that do not.
Modern-day footpaths are constructed using different materials. In North America, concrete seems to be the primary material used while in Europe, various materials including stone, slab, asphalt, rubber, and tarmac are used more often. Other materials have been used previously including wood and brick.
In Washington and other states in the United States, the term sidewalk is preferred over the other terms. Britons prefer the term pavement more than sidewalk. Footpath is preferred in other Commonwealth countries. The definitions given to sidewalks by civil engineering and the legal system vary from one country to another.
Sidewalks have a very long history, one that started in Ancient Greece and Roman Empire There is evidence that by the fourth century, footpaths in Corinth were already paved. Romans had specialists called semitas who were skilled in the art of building footways. Efforts to set aside footpaths for use by pedestrians began as early as 1623 with the Act for Colchester even though they were often ineffective.
Authorities started making policies to help in maintenance of order in the streets of London during rebuilding after the great fire of London. Adequate paving of all streets within the city became one among the requirements of the law. At that time, the most commonly used material was pubeck stone. Protection of pedestrians from motorized traffic was achieved through the installation of bollards. In the US, laws were passed that made it mandatory for adjoining property owners to finance the construction of sidewalks. They were required to do this regardless of whether or not they consented to the construction of the sidewalk.
Pavements bring a lot of benefits to the society. These pathways separate people from motorized traffic, hence ensuring their safety on the road. Thus, they enhance transportation by enhancing safety on the road. Usually, sidewalks are constructed on either side of the road. The ease with which people can move from one place to another because of convenience offered by pavements can be witnessed in places with more pedestrian traffic than vehicular traffic.
Another benefit that accrues from footpaths is reduced carbon dioxide emission. Footpaths have a small effect on reducing the number of vehicle miles travelled as people opt to walk. Up to 8 percent reductions in the emission of carbon dioxide have been noted when people have access to safe pavements along which they can walk from one place to another.
Populations that have access to pavements also have improved general health. People in paved neighborhoods jog more often and prefer to walk to places. Such physical activity reduces the levels of obesity and heart diseases among other health issues that result from sedentary lifestyle. In addition, the level of concentration in children that walk to school is higher than those that do not.
Modern-day footpaths are constructed using different materials. In North America, concrete seems to be the primary material used while in Europe, various materials including stone, slab, asphalt, rubber, and tarmac are used more often. Other materials have been used previously including wood and brick.
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