Water wells are excavated into the earth so that groundwater can be accessed for use in domestic and commercial applications. Boring, drilling, driving, and digging are some of the most commonly used techniques in excavating these structures. Which method is chosen for use is often dependent on the type of well among several other factors. To find the best water well drillers West Texas should be the first place one should think about making a trip to. The location is known for experts and service companies that have the highest level of experience and qualification.
The history of wells is a long one. They have existed for almost as long as human beings. The first types were shallow and extended to short distances from the surface. However, as technology got better, methods of excavation became better too. Modern methods are very complex. They are more efficient, convenient, and simpler.
Classification of wells basing on the method used to excavate them places them into three main groups, that is, driven, dug, and drilled wells. The most traditional type is the dug wells. These wells are dug by hand and are more common in rural areas because they are inexpensive. Driven wells are more advanced and extend deeper than dug varieties.
Besides classifying wells according to the method of excavation, they can also be classified according to the type of aquifer they are located in. Under this classification, there are two main classes of wells, that is, shallow/unconfined and deep/confined wells. Wells that only extend to the topmost aquifer are called shallow while those that extend to deeper aquifers are called deep. Deeper aquifers are often located in between impermeable rock strata.
The purpose of a well is the third way of classifying them. This classification criterion produces two classes of wells, that is, monitoring and pumping/production wells. Diameters in production wells are larger, sometimes exceeding 15 centimeters. Materials such as plastic, metal, and concrete are used to case the diameters. These wells need to be pumped to supply water.
Monitoring wells are also variedly called piezometers. Compared to pumping wells, piezometers have smaller diameters. They are used in sampling of water for chemical analysis and in monitoring hydraulic heads. Classification that bases on functions of wells is very vague because the roles of these wells can be interchanged in some situations.
Contamination is often a major problem in wells, especially shallow ones. Wells may be contaminated by pathogens, chemicals or several other materials from different sources. Pathogen contaminants include fungi, parasites, viruses, and bacteria and they result from human or animal fecal materials. Fecal materials usually come from on-site sanitation systems like septic tanks and pit latrines.
Contaminants of chemical nature are also common sources of contamination. Chemical contaminants have their origin in sewage sludge, fertilizer, and sewage and they exist in form of nitrates. Gasoline and dry-cleaning also produce chemical contaminants such as VOCs. Other sources are rocket fuel, airbag inflators, and pesticides. Groundwater is also contaminated by minerals because of leaching. Arsenic, lead, chromium VI, uranium, and radon are common kinds of mineral contaminants.
The history of wells is a long one. They have existed for almost as long as human beings. The first types were shallow and extended to short distances from the surface. However, as technology got better, methods of excavation became better too. Modern methods are very complex. They are more efficient, convenient, and simpler.
Classification of wells basing on the method used to excavate them places them into three main groups, that is, driven, dug, and drilled wells. The most traditional type is the dug wells. These wells are dug by hand and are more common in rural areas because they are inexpensive. Driven wells are more advanced and extend deeper than dug varieties.
Besides classifying wells according to the method of excavation, they can also be classified according to the type of aquifer they are located in. Under this classification, there are two main classes of wells, that is, shallow/unconfined and deep/confined wells. Wells that only extend to the topmost aquifer are called shallow while those that extend to deeper aquifers are called deep. Deeper aquifers are often located in between impermeable rock strata.
The purpose of a well is the third way of classifying them. This classification criterion produces two classes of wells, that is, monitoring and pumping/production wells. Diameters in production wells are larger, sometimes exceeding 15 centimeters. Materials such as plastic, metal, and concrete are used to case the diameters. These wells need to be pumped to supply water.
Monitoring wells are also variedly called piezometers. Compared to pumping wells, piezometers have smaller diameters. They are used in sampling of water for chemical analysis and in monitoring hydraulic heads. Classification that bases on functions of wells is very vague because the roles of these wells can be interchanged in some situations.
Contamination is often a major problem in wells, especially shallow ones. Wells may be contaminated by pathogens, chemicals or several other materials from different sources. Pathogen contaminants include fungi, parasites, viruses, and bacteria and they result from human or animal fecal materials. Fecal materials usually come from on-site sanitation systems like septic tanks and pit latrines.
Contaminants of chemical nature are also common sources of contamination. Chemical contaminants have their origin in sewage sludge, fertilizer, and sewage and they exist in form of nitrates. Gasoline and dry-cleaning also produce chemical contaminants such as VOCs. Other sources are rocket fuel, airbag inflators, and pesticides. Groundwater is also contaminated by minerals because of leaching. Arsenic, lead, chromium VI, uranium, and radon are common kinds of mineral contaminants.
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